Common CQC Training Methods
In a typical Close Quarters Battle (CQB) scenario, attackers attempt a fast takeover of an enclosed area controlled by the defenders, who usually cannot easily withdraw. Because friendly, enemy, and noncombatant personnel can be closely intermingled, CQB demands a rapid assault and precise fire.
Tactical teams need to be well prepared and trained on the five pillars of Close Quarter Battle which are gaining access, making entry, securing the space, moving to adjoining spaces and command of the team.
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Making entry into the building after gaining access requires a well-rehearsed, coordinated plan that ensures a predictable set of actions occurs from each team member. Descriptions are offered on how to effectively clear the rooms and hallways of threats and secure the space.
Command and control functions of the operations ensure that all team members know the commander’s intent with the mission and enable stealth methods of communications, such as the use of hand signals. The ultimate success of the mission depends on the effective execution of all five pillars of close quarter combat.
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Room Clearing and Entry Procedures: This involves practicing how to safely and effectively enter and clear rooms, which is a fundamental aspect of CQB.
Live-Fire Exercises: These exercises are conducted in controlled environments and are designed to simulate real-world scenarios. They help trainees understand how to react under stress and make split-second decisions.
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Force-on-Force Simulations: These simulations use non-lethal training ammunition to create realistic combat scenarios. They allow trainees to experience the dynamics of a real firefight, including the stress and chaos that can occur.
Footwork Training: Good footwork is crucial in CQB. It involves learning how to move efficiently and rapidly to acquire targets and maintain situational awareness.
Small Unit Tactics: These are team-based drills that focus on coordination and communication among team members. They often involve the use of hand and arm signals, tactical lights, and familiar voice commands.
Handgun Training Techniques: For situations where a handgun is used, training focuses on rapid target acquisition, efficient movement, and maintaining situational awareness. Shooters are trained to adopt a low and stable shooting stance, ensuring a solid base while minimizing exposure to potential threats.
Remember, these techniques are typically taught by professional instructors and practiced in a controlled environment to ensure safety. It’s also important to note that the actual application of these tactics should be left to trained professionals due to the inherent risks and legal implications involved.
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Training for Closed Quarter Battle is conducted in three layers.​​
1. Developing individual skills
2. Developing individual’s skills within the team
3. Building the team’s overall capability
